Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test (2024)

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Area of Assessment

Balance – Non-vestibular
Functional Mobility
Range of Motion
Strength
Upper Extremity Function

Assessment Type

Performance Measure

Cost

Not Free

Actual Cost

$349.95

Cost Description

$319.95 (for standard Test Kit) $349.95 (for the Professional Test Kit)
Only available through www.ybalancetest.com

• The UQYBT places a patient in a closed chain (Push Up) position and tests their ability to maintain that position while reaching with one hand in 3 test directions (Medial Reach, Inferolateral Reach, Superolateral Reach) as far as possible during the entirety of the movements.

Number of Items

3

• Y-Balance Test Kit

Required Training

Training Course

Body Part

Upper Extremity

ICF Domain

Body Structure
Body Function
Activity

Measurement Domain

Motor

Recreational Fitness Subjects(Gorman, 2010)

• Medial direction:SEM= 2.9 cm

• Superolateral direction:SEM= 2.3 cm

• Inferolateral direction:SEM=2.2 cm

General Population(Westrick, 2012)

• Dominant Composite:SEM=2.5

• Non-Dominant Composite:SEM=2.3

Recreational Fitness Subjects(Gorman, 2010)

• Medial direction:MDC= 8.1 cm
• Superolateral direction:MDC= 6.4 cm
• Inferolateral direction:MDC= 6.1 cm

General Population(Westrick, 2012)

• Dominant Composite:MDC= 6.9
• Non-Dominant Composite:MDC= 6.5

Recreational Fitness Subjects(Gorman, 2012) Average Upper Quarter Y Balance Test scores, reported as a percentage of limb length (%LL) for all reach directions and the composite.

• Medial Direction: Mean= 97.2%, SD 9.6 cm (males)

• Medial Direction: Mean= 95.2%, SD 10.6 cm (females)

• Superolateral Direction: Mean= 70.9%, SD 9.6 cm (males)

• Superolateral Direction: Mean= 70.4%, SD 9.3 cm (females).

• Inferolateral Direction: Mean= 84.2%, SD 9.1 cm (males)

• Inferolateral Direction: Mean= 82.7%, SD 10.1 cm (females).

Teyhen, 2014 - No Age effect. Total Composite Score of all 3 reach directions reported as percentage of Limb Length (%LL):

• 89.5 +/-9.6 (males)

• 84.9+/-9.1 (females)

General Population(Westrick, 2012; n=33, mean ages= 19.5 men and 18.8 women)

• Dominant Composite: Mean= 86.5%, SD 8.1 cm (males)
• Dominant Composite: Mean= 82.9%, SD 9.2 cm (females)
• Non-dominant: Mean= 88.1%, SD 7.4 cm (males)
• Non-dominant: Mean= 85.2%, SD 11.7 cm (females)

Recreational Fitness Subjects (Gorman, 2012)

• Excellent: ranged from ICC=0.80 (inferolateral direction)to ICC=0.99 (superolateral direction)

General Population(Westrick, 2012; n=33, mean ages= 19.5 men and 18.8 women)

• Excellent: ICC of 0.91 and 0.92 for dominant and nondominant UE measurements, respectively.

Recreational Fitness Subjects (Gorman, 2012)

• Inter-rater reliability wasexcellent(ICC=1.00 for all tests).

• All testing was observed and scored by 2 raters simultaneously who were blinded to each other’s scoring. The raters independently determined whether a successful trial was completed. To reduce bias, the raters recorded the reach distance regardless of whether each rater through the trial was successful.

General Population(Westrick, 2012; n=33, mean ages= 19.5 men and 18.8 women)

• Excellent:Intra-rater reliability values ranged from ICC = 0.86 left shoulder IR, to ICC = 0.98 right shoulder flexion.

• SMRT intrarater reliability was same for both sides ICC = 0.99

Recreational Fitness Subjects (Gorman, 2012)

• The YBT-UQ evaluates joint mobility and stability simultaneously, by requiring the patient to use balance, proprioception, strength, and greater range of motion. Some limitations causing potential error would be fatigue, practice effect, lack of control for training level, training cycle, nutrition or hydration. The YBT-UQ has shown good reliability with standardized equipment and methods.

General Population(Westrick, 2012; n=33, mean ages= 19.5 men and 18.8 women)

• There was a significant convergent relationship observed between the UQYBT and core stability measures (Dominant side LTET; p=0.04, r=.38; non-dominant; p=0.01, r=.45) and UE CKC performance measures (CKCUEST p=0.01, r=0.49 and APFT pushups p=0.02, r=.41).

• There was not a significant relationship observed between the UQYBT and measures of trunk rotation, trunk flexor and extensor endurance tests, APFT sit-ups, shoulder AROM, or shoulder isometric strength.